出刊年月/Date of Publishing

1998.06

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第28卷第2期 Vol. 28, No. 2

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
國際競爭下的反傾銷變革
The Reform of Anti-Dumping in the Context of International Competition

作者/Author
林彩瑜 Tsai-Yu Lin

頁碼/Pagination
pp. 77-152

摘要
在後烏拉圭回合時期，市場開放的重心已然從傳統邊境貿易障礙的撤除演變至以國際競爭為中心。儘管長久以來反傾銷之政策理論基礎甚受經濟學者之質疑，目前反傾銷措施仍為各國偏好採行的次佳政策工具，並造成許多貿易與競爭之扭曲。

WTO反傾銷協定並未處理反傾銷偏頗之反競爭本質。因此，聯結反傾銷與競爭政策之建議被期待有利於國際貿易。以國際競爭法取代反傾銷法在短期內並不可行。而以反托拉斯原則修正反傾銷法、積極禮讓原則之競爭調查、訴諸 WTO爭端解決機制及特別關税談判機制，固皆有競爭導向之效益，然亦有其執行之困難。依作者個人見解，現階段最佳方案係力促各國加強執行WTO反傾銷協定對競爭政策之若干規定，並以WTO爭端解決機制為強制監督。

Abstract
The changing economies has extended the traditional GATT market-access focus on border measures to world competition in the Post-Uruguay Round. While the theoretical rational for anti­ dumping has always been weak, anti-dumping as a second-best policy instrument currently creates a large number of distortions.

The WTO Anti-Dumping Agreement made anti-dumping somewhat less protectionist. However, concern about the anti­ competitive nature of anti-dumping and its potential to lead to significant protectionist bias remains untouched. This suggests that it might be fruitful to attempt to link anti-dumping and competition policies. The proposals include replacing anti-dumping with a regime of international competition law; applying anti-trust principles to refining anti-dumping application; obtaining agreement that allegations of dumping will be first investigated by the anti-trust authorities of the exporter’s home country through the principle of positive compity; invoking a WTO-dispute settlement mechanism and returning the tariff negotiation mechanism. All of these proposals will inevitably encounter some practical difficulties. This paper argues that the best option at the current stage, is to encourage members of the WTO to forcefully enforce the WTO’s Anti­ Dumping Agreement provisions regarding competition factors in the dispute settlement discipline.

關鍵字/Key Word
反傾銷法／政策、競爭法／政策丶WTO反傾銷協定
anti-dumping/competition policy, WTO Anti-Dumping Agreement

DOI
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學門分類/Subject
法學 Law