出刊年月/Date of Publishing

1998.06

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第28卷第2期 Vol. 28, No. 2

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
皮亞傑對孔恩《結構》之影響
Jean Piaget’s Impact on Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions

作者/Author
徐光台 Kuang-Tai Hsu

頁碼/Pagination
pp. 215-264

摘要
本文從思想史的觀點，透過皮亞傑與孔恩間相關作品的分析，來探討以發生認識論見長的皮亞傑，如何影響因為歷史取向的科學哲學而成名的孔恩，而形成《結構》一書。

筆者發現，這種跨學門的影響，係透過科學史的居間媒介，而涉及類似的結構再發展問題。皮亞傑認為科學思想發展與兒童物理概念發展間存在著一種平行關係，因此，他借用科學史中科學思想的概念與發展，來探討兒童具有不同的世界觀，並反映兒童認知發展有其結構與轉變歷程；孔恩看到的是一種逆向的關係，反過來參考皮亞傑硏究兒童所具的不同世界觀，和其後的認知結構與轉變歷程，輯過來將其借用到科學史中科學發展有不同世界觀及其轉變歷程，和其後面的科學發展的結構上去。

Abstract
This paper deals with Jean Piaget’s impact on Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions from the viewpoint of intellectual history. Piaget is famous for his studies on genetic epistemology and Kuhn is well known for his work in philosophy of science. This question is, since they have different specialties, how did the former come to have an impact on the latter?

Through analysis of several of Piaget's and Kuhn's works, the author finds that the history of science plays a key role in this interdisciplinary. As a structuralist, Piaget was interested in children’s cognitive structures, especially in their worldviews of different stages, the transitions between the stages, and in fundamental structures regulating and maintaining the change of worldviews. In the Structure, Kuhn examines on scientists’ worldviews in different paradigms, the transition between them, and the essential structure of scientific development. The parallel between Kuhn’s structure of scientific development and Piaget’s cognitive structure of children, as well as Kuhn’s usage of language similar to Piaget’s, suggest that Piaget had a great influence on Kuhn’s Structure.

關鍵字/Key Word
皮亞傑丶孔恩、科學史丶亞里斯多德物理學、結構發展與轉換
J. Piaget, T. Kuhn, history of science, Aristotle’s physics, The development and transformation of structure(s)

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DOI
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學門分類/Subject
史學 History