出刊年月/Date of Publishing

1998.12

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第28卷第4期 Vol. 28, No. 4

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
1996年美國民主黨政治獻金案與選舉經費制度改革之探討
Towards an Analysis of the 1996 U.S. Presidential Campaign Scandal and the Federal Campaign Finance Reform

作者/Author
鄭端耀 Tuan Y. Cheng

頁碼/Pagination
pp. 63-102

摘要
美國歷史經驗顳示，選舉經費改革常發生在政治獻金醜聞之後。故當1996年民主黨政治獻金醜聞案爆發後，曾興起一般對選舉經費制度改革的期望。然而，本案事實結果證明，雖然政治獻金案與國會修法行動有相當程度的互動性，但是在此次行動中卻未能達到改革制度的目的。同時本文研究結果顯示，政治獻金案對經費制度改革的影響，有相當的侷限性：(一) 它對國會修法行動僅具催化性而無決定性的作用。(二) 它對選舉經費制度改革僅扮演中介變數 (intervening variable) 而非獨立變數 (independent variable) 的角色。(三) 即使作為中介變數角色，政治獻金案仍存在相當程度的不確定性。因獻金案是以個案呈現，無人能有效掌握獻金案的可能發展與衝擊。

Abstract
American political experience indicates that campaign finance reform often takes place after a major political scandal. That is, when the 1996 Presidential Campaign Scandal broke out, it raised the hope that the event might provide the impetus for Congress to overhaul campaign finance laws. However, the result proves that although the campaign scandal did exert pressure on Congressional legislative action, it failed to accomplish the goal of reform. The research also finds that the influence of political scandal for campaign reform is limited to a certain extent. First, scandal cannot produce reform action, but only provides an impetus for action. Second, scandal can only serve as the intervening variable to campaign finance reform, not the independent variable. And third, even as an intervening variable, the impact of scandal upon campaign reform is uncertain; because of differences in political nature and reactions, it is still dependent on a case-by-case basis.

關鍵字/Key Word
政治獻金、政治醜聞、選舉經費制度、1996年美國總統選舉、美國政黨政治
political contribution, political scandal, campaign finance system, 1996 U.S. presidential election, American party politics

DOI
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學門分類/Subject
政治學 Political Science