出刊年月/Date of Publishing

2000.03

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第30卷第1期 Vol. 30, No. 1

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
Parliament and Empire: British Policy in Egypt, 1882-85
民主政治與帝國主義：英國對埃政策，1882-85

作者/Author
王世宗 Wang Shih-tsung

頁碼/Pagination
pp. 35-107

摘要
本文以1882至85年間格蘭斯敦自由黨政府對埃及的政策為中心，探討十九世紀後期英國民主化的歷程中，議會政治與帝國政策之間的互動關係及其變化。簡言之，這是一個內政與外交關係的討論。文分六節：導言簡述英國民主政治下埃及問題的本質；第二節說明主張溫和自持外交路線的自由黨政府，發動佔領埃及的政策時，其所考量的國內民主政治因素；第三節討論埃及問題中，議會政治對英國外交決策「民主化」的影響；第四節探討所謂民意與群眾政治，在英國對埃政策發展中所處的地位與扮演的角色；第五節論埃及問題下，英國政黨政治的運作情形與演變；結論以埃及問題為例，申述英國議會政治與帝國政策互動關係的表現及其趨勢。大致言之，伴隨大眾政治的推進，英國的外交與帝國政策逐漸脫離傳統貴族專擅與秘密決策的格局，而開始受到議會民主機制的規範和支配。

Abstract
Through investigating Gladstone Government’s decisions on the occupation of Egypt and its policy towards the country, the author attempts to disclose the relationship between parliamentary democracy and British imperial/foreign policy in the late nineteenth century, a period when popular politics was rapidly gathering strength. The discourse is divided into six sections:

I. Introduction: British Democracy and the Egyptian Question;

II. The Occupation of Egypt: the Formation of the Liberal Government’s Forward Policy towards Egypt;

III. The Foreign Office Domesticated: the Egyptian Question and the “Parliamentarization” of Foreign Policy;

IV. Public Opinion, Popular Politics and Britain’s Egyptian Policy;

V. Party Politics and the Egyptian Question;

VI. Conclusion: Parliamentarism and Imperialism.

Generally speaking, with the advance of British parliamentary democracy in the 1880s, the Foreign Office was gradually drawn into mass politics, and its policy “parliamentarized,” to a certain extent; thus the aristocratic monopoly of foreign policy began to come to an end.

關鍵字/Key Word
埃及、蘇丹、格蘭斯敦、格蘭凡爾、議會
Egypt, Soudan, Gladstone, Granville, parliament

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DOI
https://doi.org/10.7015/JEAS.200003.0035

學門分類/Subject
史學 History