出刊年月/Date of Publishing

2002.09

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第32卷第3期 Vol. 32, No. 3

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
現代歷史理論的自然主義假設：一個批判性的回顧
Naturalistic Assumptions in Modern Historiography: A Critical Review

作者/Author
曾國祥 K-S. Roy Tseng

頁碼/Pagination
pp. 567-620

摘要
本文旨在探討形塑現代主流歷史理論之論述特質的三項自然主義假設：一、聲稱作為「歷史研究」之合法對象的「人類歷史」概念的單一性及其客觀存在，以確保我們在「歷史研究」中獲致唯一的歷史真相的可能性；二、根據現代因果關係理論所依賴的自然時間之直線連續性特點，來將「人類歷史」進一步理解成連續事件的實際發生過程；三、引用一般法則於歷史解釋之中，以便重現那些實際且連續發生之歷史事件的因果關係。由於這些自然主義假設係源自笛卡兒—康德主義的哲學典範，作者於是在結論中指出：對於一個帶有更多人文主義內涵之「歷史」概念的探求，我們不僅需要一套呼應著「歷史理性」之自律條件的歷史理論，更需要一個非啟蒙意涵的哲學思維自身。

Abstract
The purpose of this essay is to explore the naturalistic assumptions underlining modern mainstream historiography: (1) claiming the singularity of Human History and its objective existence so as to ensure the possibility of pursuing the only legitimate truth in our historical study; (2) seeing Human History as the actual course of successive events, governed by the notion of Natural Time as successiveness on which modern causality theory relies; (3) applying general laws to historical explanation so as to represent the causality of those historical events which actually and successively happened in the Past. In view of the fact that the pseudo-historical ideas as such arise from the Cartesian-Kantian paradigm of philosophy, the author thus concludes this paper by remarking that a search for a humanist conception of the historical not only needs a historiography reflecting the autonomous conditions of historical reasoning; also it needs a non-Enlightenment meaning of philosophizing itself.

關鍵字/Key Word
歷史理論、自然主義、歷史實在論、因果關係、實證主義
historiography, naturalism, historical realism, causality, positivism

全文下載 PDF Download

DOI
--

學門分類/Subject
史學 History