出刊年月/Date of Publishing

2009.12

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第39卷第4期 Vol. 39, No. 4

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
即使戰爭，也要人權──Hamdi 及Hamdan 判決評論
Even in Wartime, Rights Are Needful－Comments on Hamdi and Hamdan

作者/Author
廖福特 Fort Fu-Te Liao

頁碼/Pagination
pp. 671-711

摘要
本文分析Hamdi 及Hamdan 判決，以探討武裝衝突下之權利保障，本文認為兩個判決結論都值得贊同，但是對於論證內容，本文有不同看法。在Hamdi 案，本文認為可以直接認定國會沒有授權行政拘禁，亦未暫停人身保護令，因此當事人人身自由應受到保護。在Hamdan 案，本文認為應認定美國攻打阿富汗為國際武裝衝突，因而依據「日內瓦公約」，當事人不應由軍事委員會審判，同時審判過程亦應符合公平審判權之內容。

本文認為由於最高法院幾位法官之堅持及部分法官對於「日內瓦公約」之重視，才能堅持權利保障。

Abstract
This essay, through an analysis of two judgments, Hamdi and Hamdan, explores rights under conditions of armed conflicts. It agrees with the conclusions of these two judgments, but offers different arguments. This essay argues that in Hamdi it is better for the Supreme Court to say, since the Congress neither authorized administrative detention nor suspended the writ of habeas corpus, personal liberty should be guaranteed. It also argues that in Hamdan, the war between the US and Afghanistan should be regarded as an international armed conflict. Hamdan, according to the Third Geneva Convention, should be therefore treated as a prisoner of war and tried by a military or civil court. This essay considers that due to the insistence of several judges, and reference to the Geneva Convention, rights were protected.

關鍵字/Key Word
人身保護令、正當程序、軍事委員會、日內瓦公約、反恐戰爭
writ of habeas corpus, Due Process Clause, Military Commission, Geneva Convention, war on terror

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DOI
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學門分類/Subject
法學 Law