出刊年月/Date of Publishing

2010.03

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第40卷第1期 Vol. 40, No. 1

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela, Lost Israelites, and Vanishing Indians: Trans-Atlantic English Reception of the Medieval Past in the Seventeenth Century
《圖德拉的班傑明之旅》，失落的以色列人和消失的印地安人：十七世紀跨大西洋英語世界對中古往昔之接受史

作者/Author
金守民 Margaret Kim

頁碼/Pagination
pp. 103-131

摘要
本篇論文探究關於猶太身分認同和以色列十個失落支派之書的歷史，在現代早期跨大西洋殖民擴張的英語世界中之接受史。其中檢視三篇文本：《圖德拉的班傑明之旅》(1173)，《以色列的希望》(1650)，以及《猶太人在美洲》(1650)。《圖德拉》是部關於一位歐洲猶太人在1159年到1172年間，向東旅遊到中國邊境地區的紀錄。在十七世紀跨大西洋的英語世界中，《圖德拉》開始被認為和《以色列的希望》及《猶太人在美洲》有關；而後兩篇作品分別為以色列人和新教作者所著，共同宣揚在地美國原住民為失落支派的想法。本論文探究為何《圖德拉》作為一部十二世紀猶太人旅遊紀錄，原本在中古基督教歐洲人中不被知悉也不被閱讀，卻在早期現代開始藉由英語被大西洋兩岸所閱讀，且被視為和講述美洲失落支派的作品有關。本論文認為，對於將種族他者視為「不同」，以及對於這種「不同」在殖民和擴張計畫中所扮演角色的歷史性理解，存在許多英文辯論和對話；而這些辯論和對話支撐了這三個論述和其在十七世紀接受度之間的連結。

Abstract
This essay is an investigation of the history of books on Jewish identity and the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel, in terms of their reception in an early modern Anglophone world of trans-Atlantic colonial expansion. It examines three texts, The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela (Benjamin of Tudela, 1173/1983), The Hope of Israel (Menasseh ben Israel, 1650/1987), and Jews in America (Thorowgood, 1650). The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela (hereafter referred to as The Itinerary) is an account of a medieval European Jew’s travels eastward to the border regions of China between 1159 and 1172. In the seventeenth-century trans-Atlantic Anglophone world, The Itinerary began to be read in connection with The Hope of Israel and Jews in America, works that promoted the idea that native Americans were the Lost Tribes, written respectively by a Jewish and a Protestant author. The essay asks why The Itinerary, a twelfth-century Jewish travel account largely unread by and unknown to medieval Christian Europeans, began to be read by the English on both sides of the Atlantic in the early modern era and to be associated with writings locating the Lost Tribes in the Americas. It argues that the English debate and dialogue on the historical understanding of the ethnic other as difference and the role of difference in projects of colonization and expansion underlie the connection between these three discourses and their reception in the seventeenth century.

關鍵字/Key Word
殖民、猶太人、美洲、失落支派、印地安人
colonization, Jews, Americas, Lost Tribes, Indians

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DOI
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學門分類/Subject
文學 Literature