出刊年月/Date of Publishing

2011.06

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第41卷第2期 Vol. 41, No. 2

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
歐洲化對歐洲聯盟平衡生技風險與貿易利益之影響
Impact of Europeanization on the European Union’s Effort to Balance Biotechnology-Related Risk and Trade Interests

作者/Author
李貴英 Catherine Li

頁碼/Pagination
pp. 547-603

摘要
自一九八○年代以降，歐體∕歐盟對於如何規範與管理GMOs的問題即十分困擾。困擾來自於歐體∕歐盟多層次的本質、GMOs產品橫跨若干政策領域及其對經濟與產業的重要性，以及新型GMOs產品具有不確定性。為此，歐盟建立一套嶄新的法規體系，植基於三大主軸：GMOs產品特別立法、預防原則，與歐洲食品安全機構之設立。此一架構反映出重要的政策變革，與歐洲化的影響。然而，歐盟機構在規範管理生技產品方面，必須考慮到 GMOs已非純屬技術問題。如何妥善回應大眾對於生技風險的關切，而非僅就狹隘的經濟考量來規範，對於歐盟決策者與立法者而言，乃是一大挑戰。

Abstract
The issue of how to regulate and govern GMOs at the EC/EU level has been troublesome since it first appeared in the 1980s. There are several reasons why this has been the case, related to the multi-level nature of the EC/EU; this nature of issue, which cuts across several policy domains; its economic and industrial importance; and uncertainties related to the novel organisms involved. Since the 1980s, the EU has been struggling to arrive at solutions by establishing a new regulatory framework along three lines: specific GMO-legislation, the precautionary principle, and the creation of the European Food Safety Agency. The framework reflects important policy changes and the impact of Europeanization. European institutions regulating biotechnology are faced with the fact that issues related to GMOs are by no means considered purely technical. EU policy and lawmakers are challenged by difficulties associated with responding to public concerns about the risks of biotechnology in ways not confined to narrowly defined economic considerations.

關鍵字/Key Word
歐洲化、基因改造食品、風險評估、預防原則、無基因改造生物區
Europeanization, GM food, risk assessment, precautionary principle, GMO-free zone

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DOI
https://doi.org/10.7015/JEAS.201106.0547

學門分類/Subject
政治學 Political Science