出刊年月/Date of Publishing

2015.12

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第45卷第4期 Vol. 45, No. 4

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
司法互助是公平審判的化外之地？以歐洲人權法院的兩則標竿裁判為借鑑
Mutual Legal Assistance: The Outer Fringes of Fair Trial?—Referencing Cases of the European Court of Human Rights

作者/Author
林鈺雄 Yu-Hsiung Lin

頁碼/Pagination
pp. 517-570

摘要
所有刑事被告皆享有受公平審判的權利保障，這已是現代法治國家及各國際人權公約 (如歐洲人權公約第6條、公民與政治權利公約第14條) 的基本要求。然而，若涉及司法互助，是不是構成「例外」呢？如果是，那麼，涉及國際司法互助的刑事被告，豈非成為二等被告？如果不是，要「如何」保障其與其他被告一樣受公平審判的權利呢？本文先檢視並批評我國實務的作法，隨後援引兩則歐洲人權法院的標竿案例──Soering裁判及Stojkovic裁判──作為借鑑，論證司法互助刑事案件並不是也不該是公平審判的化外之地，最後提出跨國合作的預防性取證措施，作為司法互助的立法政策與執行處置方針，以達到事先避免歧異並保障公平審判的目標。

Abstract
The right to fair trial in the determination of any criminal charge has been recognized in international law and standards, such as Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights (EConHR) and Article 14 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). However, do mutual legal assistance proceedings deny the defendant the right to a fair trial? Given the fact that such proceedings normally affect more than one jurisdiction, the accused may be left with less protection by each of the ju-risdictions involved; therefore, this article argues that some precautionary measures must be taken to ensure the accused is not placed at a substantial disadvantage in transnational cases.

Beginning with a series of domestic cases, this article brings attention to the way judicial practice deals with problems derived from cross-border cooperation. The article then refer to some comparable cases of European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), in particlar, the Soering case and the Stojkovic case. These cases clearly affirm that mutual legal assistance is not a grey area, but an integral part of the right to fair trial. Following the judgments of the ECtHR, contracting parties have taken steps to reform its policies and laws regarding this issue. Therefore, the article suggests developing preventive strategies in the evidence gathering phase in the field of mutual legal assistance, in a manner that protects the rights to fair trial and interests of the citizens.

關鍵字/Key Word
司法互助、公平審判、引渡、境外取證
mutual legal assistance, fair trial, extradition, extraterritorial crime investigation

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DOI
https://doi.org/10.7015/JEAS.201512_45(4).0003

學門分類/Subject
法學 Jurisprudence