出刊年月/Date of Publishing

2016.06

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第46卷第2期 Vol. 46, No. 2

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
康德論德行義務：兼論麥金泰爾對康德倫理學的批評
Kant on the “Duties of Virtue”—A Response to Alasdair MacIntyre’s Critique of Kant’s Ethics

作者/Author
李明輝 Ming-huei Lee

頁碼/Pagination
pp. 211-241

摘要
英國哲學家麥金泰爾在其名著《德行之後》從德行倫理學的立場對康德倫理學提出四項批評，分別針對其「規則倫理學」、「嚴格主義」、「形式主義」，以及其「對於人類理性的貧乏概念」。英國學者歐尼爾、貝朗與阿塔納蘇里斯均指出︰麥金泰爾的批評係建立在對康德倫理學著作的片面理解之上，因為他忽略了康德晚期的《德行論之形上學根基》一書，特別是其中的「德行義務」之概念。本文闡述康德的「德行義務」之概念，藉以回應麥金泰爾對其倫理學的批判，並將康德倫理學與德行倫理學的差異相對化。

Abstract
In his masterpiece, After Virtue, Alasdair MacIntyre criticizes Kant’s ethics from a virtue ethical perspective, making reference to the “ethic of rules,” “rigorism,” “formalism,” as well as his “inadequate conception of human reason.” However, Onora O’Neill, Marcia W. Baron, and Nafsika Athanassoulis point out that MacIntyre’s critique of Kant’s ethics is based on a partial understanding of Kant’s ethical works and suffers from his neglect of Kant’s later work Metaphysical First Principles of the Doctrine of Virtue (1797), which misshapes his conception of the “duties of virtue.” This paper analyzes Kant’s conception of the “duties of virtue” with a view to responding to MacIntyre’s critique of Kant’s ethics, and thus softening the differences between Kant’s ethics and virtue ethics.

關鍵字/Key Word
康德、麥金泰爾、德行義務、德行倫理學
Immanuel Kant, Alasdair MacIntyre, duties of virtue, virtue ethics

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DOI
https://doi.org/10.7015/JEAS.201606_46(2).0002

學門分類/Subject
哲學 Philosophy