出刊年月/Date of Publishing

2021.12

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第51卷第4期 Vol. 51, No. 4

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
去滅絕：一個過早的主張
De-Extinction: A Premature Claim

作者/Author
歐陽敏 Min OuYang

頁碼/Pagination
pp. 689-720

摘要
將滅絕物種重新帶回這個世界，是復活生物學企圖執行的工作。而隨著近年來基因編輯技術的快速發展，去滅絕的研究也逐步從科幻層級提昇到了所謂的科學事實層級。然而，這樣的科學實踐，到底呈現了什麼？是科學家真的讓已滅絕物種復活了？還是聲稱去滅絕已成功，只是一個過早 (premature) 的主張？本文企圖從「滅絕」與「去滅絕」的定義，以及「物種成員」與「物種本身」所涉及的概念區分著手，論證聲稱去滅絕已成功，是一個仍有待商確的主張。而此論證的核心觀點為，斷定科學家對已滅絕物種的複製 (clone) 是否屬於或者不屬於已滅絕物種，並無法決定科學家是否真的讓已滅絕物種復活。

Abstract
Resurrection biology aims to bring extinct species back to life. With the rapid development of gene-editing technologies in recent years, the idea of de-extinction has gradually been recognized as a potentially realizable scientific goal rather than residing in the realm of science fiction. What might de-extinction mean? Will it entail scientists actually reviving extinct species, or is the notion as yet premature? This paper argues that de-extinction is as yet not possible given the definitions of extinction and de-extinction, and the distinction between species taxa and species categories. The central argument is that the judgment of whether or not a cloned organism properly belongs to an extinct species will not be the determining factor in whether or not scientists successfully revive extinct species.

關鍵字/Key Word
滅絕、去滅絕、復活生物學、物種範疇、物種分類群
extinction, de-extinction, resurrection biology, species category, species taxon

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DOI
https://doi.org/10.7015/JEAS.202112_51(4).0002

學門分類/Subject
哲學 Philosophy